Hardening Accurate Timing Receivers Against low-cost 1PPS Spoofing

In contrary to popular belief, accurate 1PPS Spoofing can be accomplished using inexpensive hardware and open-source software, cutting out the dependency on high-end and costly RF simulators. Using a $100 GPS disciplined oscillator, a slow drift of the clock with perfect 1PPS alignment was demonstrated on a receiver used for timing and synchronization of telecommunication networks.

The research exposes a vulnerability that can be exploited by hackers to disrupt networks and services. In addition, the presentation offers a set of best practices against effective low-cost attacks that go beyond the common security measures implemented in RF simulators.